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Famous Paintings, Explained

The stories behind famous paintings, the painters who made them, and the movements that shaped them. Every work here can be recreated by hand in oil on canvas.

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Painting story

Bubbles by John Everett Millais

Millais painted his grandson watching a soap bubble in 1886; Pears soap turned the picture into one of the most famous adverts of its time.

John Everett Millais1886
Painting story

Medea by Evelyn De Morgan

The sorceress Medea walks through a marble palace with a small vase of poison, troubled rather than raging, in De Morgan’s 1889 painting.

Evelyn De Morgan1889
Painting story

Ulysses and the Sirens

Ulysses strains at the mast while bird-women Sirens swoop around his deaf crew: Waterhouse’s 1891 scene from the Odyssey.

John William Waterhouse1891
Painting story

Ulysses and Argus by Briton Rivière

Ulysses and Argus depicts the moment from the Odyssey of Homer in which the long-absent hero, returned to Ithaca in disguise, is recognised only…

Briton Rivière1885
Painting story

Ecce Homo by Antonio Ciseri

Seen from behind, Pilate presents the scourged Christ to the crowd while his wife turns away: Antonio Ciseri’s Ecce Homo of 1871.

Antonio Ciseri1871
Painting story

The Blind Girl by John Everett Millais

A blind musician turns her face to the sun while her sister looks back at a double rainbow: Millais’s Pre-Raphaelite picture of the senses.

John Everett Millais1856
Painting story

Applicants for Admission to a Casual Ward

Discover Luke Fildes’s 1874 Casual Ward: a winter queue, children, admission tickets and the Victorian system behind a night’s shelter.

Luke Fildes1874
Painting story

Aurora Triumphans

Explore Aurora Triumphans by Evelyn De Morgan: dawn loosening her bonds, departing Night, red-winged trumpeters and the artist’s recovered authorship.

Evelyn De Morgan1886 (holding museum date)
Painting story

Sympathy by Briton Rivière

A girl sent to the stairs in disgrace and the bull terrier who comforts her: Rivière’s much-loved Sympathy of 1877.

Briton Rivière1877
Painting story

The Love Potion by Evelyn De Morgan

A sorceress in gold pours a red potion beside her books of magic and a black cat, while lovers embrace outside the window.

Evelyn De Morgan1903
Painting story

The Doctor by Luke Fildes

A doctor watches over a sick child through the night in a poor cottage: Luke Fildes’s The Doctor, painted in 1891 for Henry Tate.

Luke Fildes1891
Painting story

Ophelia by Millais

Ophelia shows Shakespeare's heroine floating in a stream among wild flowers, still singing as she drowns, painted by John Everett Millais in 1851…

John Everett Millais1851 to 1852
Painting story

Adoration of the Shepherds

Explore Honthorst’s 1622 Adoration of the Shepherds in Cologne: the radiant child, Mary, praying hands, Joseph and the ox in a dark stable.

Gerard van Honthorst1622

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Man Writing a Letter by Gabriel Metsu, about 1664

Man Writing a Letter
Gabriel Metsu, c. 1664

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